Universe Model

"Some principle uniquely right and uniquely simple must, when
one knows it, be so compelling that it is clear the universe is built,
and must be built, in such and such a way, and it could not
possibly be otherwise." --John Wheeler

From GRAVITATION; Misner, Thorn, Wheeler; page 1208

In order to gain an insight to the workings of gravity, we must first have some idea
of the design of the universe in which this phenomenon occurs. This is because
gravity is a natural consequence of the overall structure of the universe.
In contrast, gravity is often thought of as a separate force of nature. But this
approach may be distracting for our purposes. So for now, let us think of gravity
as an inherent by-product of the design and construction of the physical
universe.

Some physicists might consider the simplistic model of the universe that will be
described here as ludicrous; and they would be well justified. On the other hand,
I think that any curious child should have little trouble in grasping what is about
to be presented.*

We begin by saying that the universe is made of Stuff. And this "stuff" is manifest in
three individual states--each with distinct physical properties, unique unto
themselves. (Just as water, for example, might manifest as liquid, vapor and ice.) The
three states of universal stuff we call light, matter, and space. These three states of
the stuff coexist and cooperate, with each other, with 100% efficiency, to manifest the
universe we live in...and everything in it. The word "stuff" we intentionally leave
undefined; though let us define the three states "the stuff" appears in:

1. Light....This includes all electromagnetic phenomena; including
radio waves and gamma-rays....all energies and frequencies...to both
ends of the spectrum.

When I say "Light", I mean
the whole EM spectrum...from
end to end. Click me to see it.

2. Matter....This includes all observed particles that
possess the property of mass--electrons, protons,
neutrons, quarks (maybe)...even the wide variety of
short-lived exotic particles that flit in-and-out of
existence. (Photons belong in the "Light" category.

As to where neutrinos belong...the jury is still out.)

3. Space....This includes everything that is neither light or matter.
Sometimes space is regarded as "nothing"...but here, we regard
space as a definite "something"...with real physical properties.

This is only one of about 150
different kinds of particles.
Click me to see them all.

Gravity is a by-product of the physical relationship between space and matter.

Let us, then, continue to Section 3; which examines the relationship
between space and matter and illustrates "gravity potential.">>>

Physical properties of "space" that concern us most...as far as gravity goes...are these two:

...Space is continuous. Unlike matter--which is discontinuous and comes in discrete packages, (i.e.
particles of bound energy); and unlike light which is radiated in on-again-off-again pulses of quantum
energy, space is continuous...and smooth.

...Space is endowed with the Magnetic Field. In the simplest terms, we are saying: While the
electric field belongs to matter, the magnetic field belongs to space.

This idea, of course, represents the point of departure from any previous standard models of the
universe. Since the time of Faraday and Maxwell, the electric and magnetic fields have been
intrinsically fused into the "electromagnetic field"...as if never to be asunder. This union of
these two fields is inescapable because, in reality, they are always found in association with
each other. But the reason that the electric and magnetic fields are always associated with
each other is because: space is always associated with matter.

I should also point out, at this time, that the idea of "the magnetic field as an exclusive
physical property of space" is pure hypothesis--it is not (to my knowledge) proven. Though,
this hypothesis is stimulated by certain formidable propositions of Michael Faraday, James
Clerk Maxwell, and Albert Einstein. These propositions are covered in Section 5 of this web-
site. Also Section 5 suggests a way of testing this hypothesis.

The validity of our ideas of gravity are contingent upon the validity of the model of the
universe we have just presented. For the sake of advancing these ideas, let's assume, for
now, that the model is good.

________

* The model of the universe presented in this web-site--Gravity and Space--is based on a unpublished (140 page)
thesis that I wrote ten years ago (1994). This web-site version is a brief synopsis of that thesis. The model presented
here is unproven--though this is not to say that it is wrong. This model has several advantages--going beyond its
simplicity: It deals only with things that are readily detectable; i.e. the electric field and the magnetic field. It makes no
suppositions of theoretical particles, etc. At the same time, it answers, in its own way, a number of unknowns that have
plagued physics for decades. including: the nature of mass; the emission of light; problems of missing mass (dark mater);
what happens to the matter of a star that becomes a black-hole; why is the speed of light fixed at "c"; ...and, of course,
the problem of gravitation--which is the focus of this web-site. At the same time, this model does away with exotic
solutions like wormholes and other universes. My personal view is 'other universes are redundant'. Cheers, van...2004
(Copyright RM 1994)